A small-incision procedure—but not a solution for every knee problem
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which a small camera is introduced into the knee joint through small incisions.
It allows the surgeon to directly visualise the joint and, when appropriate, treat specific problems.
Arthroscopy can be used for conditions including selected meniscal tears, cartilage problems, loose bodies and other intra-articular pathology.
What can knee arthroscopy treat?
Depending on the condition, arthroscopy may be used for:
- Meniscus repair
- Partial meniscectomy when appropriate
- Removal of loose bodies
- Selected cartilage procedures
- Treatment of some ligament injuries as part of reconstruction
- Synovial pathology
- Selected mechanical problems within the joint
Does every knee pain require arthroscopy?
No. Knee pain has many causes, and arthroscopy is not appropriate simply because an MRI shows an abnormality.
For example, degenerative knee arthritis is generally managed initially with non-operative treatment. The decision for surgery depends on the actual pathology and symptoms.
How is knee arthroscopy performed?
The procedure may be performed under regional or general anaesthesia depending on the operation and patient factors.
What happens after arthroscopy?
Recovery depends on what was done during surgery.
After a simple arthroscopic procedure
Patients may progress relatively quickly through:
- Pain and swelling control
- Knee movement
- Walking
- Strengthening
- Gradual return to activity
After meniscus repair or ligament reconstruction
Rehabilitation is considerably more structured and prolonged.
Why is the exact procedure important?
“Knee arthroscopy” describes the approach, not the complete operation.
A meniscus repair, partial meniscectomy, cartilage procedure and ACL reconstruction are very different procedures performed through an arthroscopic approach.
Therefore, patients should understand:
- What pathology is being treated
- What procedure is planned
- Why it is being recommended
- What alternatives exist
- What the rehabilitation will involve
What are the risks?
Potential complications include:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Bleeding
- Persistent swelling
- Stiffness
- Nerve or vascular injury
- Persistent symptoms
- Need for further surgery
Frequently Asked Questions
Is knee arthroscopy a major surgery?
It is minimally invasive, but the significance of the procedure depends on what is being performed inside the knee.
Can I walk immediately after arthroscopy?
This depends on the procedure. Some patients can bear weight early, while others require protected weight-bearing.
How quickly can I return to work?
It depends on the operation and the physical demands of the job.
Is arthroscopy useful for knee arthritis?
Routine arthroscopy is not a treatment for uncomplicated degenerative knee arthritis. The specific indication needs to be established.
Is arthroscopy the same as ACL reconstruction?
No. ACL reconstruction can be performed arthroscopically, but arthroscopy itself is the surgical approach rather than the diagnosis or specific procedure.
Consultation
The important question is not simply “Can arthroscopy be done?” but “Is arthroscopy appropriate for this particular knee problem?”
A clinical examination and appropriate imaging help determine the answer.
Book an Appointment
